注：本文很多源码包都源自sourceforge.net，我直接wget的时候不允许下载，URL都已经给出具体怎么下载合适，请读者自己做主！本文所有的软件包来源的URL均来官网
1、安装LNMP所依赖的软件包组件
| 1 | yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ pcre-devel openssl-devel mysql-devel libxml2-devel patch bzip2 bzip2-devel curl-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libpng freetype freetype-devel openldap openldap-devel perl-CPAN bison ncurses-devel |
2、下载安装libiconv
| 1 2 3 4 5 | wget http: //ftp .gnu.org /pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1 .14. tar .gz tar xf libiconv-1.14. tar .gz cd libiconv-1.14 . /configure --prefix= /usr/local/ make && make install |
3、下载安装libmcrypt(mhash,mcrypt,libmcrypt是我这边线上开发要用的扩展，读者可以自行选择是否安装)
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | wget http: //sourceforge .net /projects/mcrypt/files/Libmcrypt/2 .5.8 /libmcrypt-2 .5.8. tar .gz /download cp /root/ 下载 /libmcrypt-2 .5.8. tar .gz . sourceforge好像不允许直接wget下载 tar xf libmcrypt-2.5.8. tar .bz2 cd libmcrypt-2.5.8 . /configure make && make install /sbin/ldconfig cd libltdl/ . /configure -- enable -ltdl- install make && make install |
4、下载安装mhash
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 | wget http: //sourceforge.net/projects/mhash/files/mhash/0.9.9.9/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz/download cp /root/下载/mhash- 0.9 . 9.9 .tar.gz . tar xf mhash- 0.9 . 9.9 .tar.bz2 cd mhash- 0.9 . 9.9 ./configure make && make install ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so. 4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so. 4 ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so. 4.4 . 8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so. 4.4 . 8 ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so. 2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so. 2 ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so. 2.0 . 1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so. 2.0 . 1 ln -s /usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config /usr/bin/libmcrypt-config |
5、下载安装mcrypt
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | wget http: //sourceforge .net /projects/mcrypt/files/latest/download cp /root/ 下载 /mcrypt-2 .6.8. tar .gz . tar xf mcrypt-2.6.8. tar .gz cd mcrypt-2.6.8
. /configure make && make install |
6、添加Nginx运行所需的用户、组
| 1 2 | groupadd -r nginx useradd -r -g nginx nginx |
7、下载解压Nginx
| 1 2 | wget http: //nginx .org /download/nginx-1 .4.5. tar .gz tar xf nginx-1.4.5. tar .gz |
8、为了避免在http响应的时候会出现Nginx等的信息，我们在编译的时候可以稍作配置自定义一个信息！
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 | cd nginx- 1.4 . 5 /src/http/ vim ngx_http_header_filter_module.c 修改以下两行： static char ngx_http_server_string[] = "Server: nginx" CRLF; static char ngx_http_server_full_string[] = "Server: " NGINX_VER CRLF; 修改为： static char ngx_http_server_string[] = "Server: XZWeb 1.0" CRLF; #XZWeb为想要显示的名称 static char ngx_http_server_full_string[] = "Server: XZWeb 1.0" NGINX_VER CRLF; #XZWeb为想要显示的名称 |
9、编译安装Nginx
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 | . /configure \ --prefix= /usr \ --sbin-path= /usr/sbin/nginx \ --conf-path= /etc/nginx/nginx .conf \ --error-log-path= /var/log/nginx/error .log \ --http-log-path= /var/log/nginx/access .log \ --pid-path= /var/run/nginx/nginx .pid \ --lock-path= /var/lock/nginx .lock \ --user=nginx \ --group=nginx \ --with-http_ssl_module \ --with-http_flv_module \ --with-http_stub_status_module \ --with-http_gzip_static_module \ --http-client-body-temp-path= /var/tmp/nginx/client/ \ --http-proxy-temp-path= /var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ \ --http-fastcgi-temp-path= /var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ \ --http-uwsgi-temp-path= /var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi \ --http-scgi-temp-path= /var/tmp/nginx/scgi \ --with-pcre make && make install |
10、编写Nginx启动脚本
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 | vim /etc/rc .d /init .d /nginx #!/bin/sh # # nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon # # chkconfig: - 85 15 # description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \ # proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server # processname: nginx # config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf # config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx # pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid # Source function library. . /etc/rc .d /init .d /functions # Source networking configuration. . /etc/sysconfig/network # Check that networking is up. [ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0 nginx= "/usr/sbin/nginx" prog=$( basename $nginx) NGINX_CONF_FILE= "/etc/nginx/nginx.conf" [ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx lockfile= /var/lock/subsys/nginx make_dirs() { # make required directories user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -` options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:' ` for opt in $options; do if [ ` echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path' ` ]; then value=` echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2` if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then # echo "creating" $value mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value fi fi done } start() { [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5 [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6 make_dirs echo -n $ "Starting $prog: " daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE retval=$? echo [ $retval - eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile return $retval } stop() { echo -n $ "Stopping $prog: " killproc $prog -QUIT retval=$? echo [ $retval - eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile return $retval } restart() { configtest || return $? stop sleep 1 start } reload() { configtest || return $? echo -n $ "Reloading $prog: " killproc $nginx -HUP RETVAL=$? echo } force_reload() { restart } configtest() { $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE } rh_status() { status $prog } rh_status_q() { rh_status > /dev/null 2>&1 } case "$1" in start) rh_status_q && exit 0 $1 ;; stop) rh_status_q || exit 0 $1 ;; restart|configtest) $1 ;; reload) rh_status_q || exit 7 $1 ;; force-reload) force_reload ;; status) rh_status ;; condrestart|try-restart) rh_status_q || exit 0 ;; *) echo $ "Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}" exit 2 esac |
11、添加Nginx为系统服务并设置开机自启动
| 1 2 3 | chmod +x /etc/rc .d /init .d /nginx chkconfig --add nginx chkconfig nginx on |
12、修改Nginx配置文件，屏蔽http响应信息中的Nginx版本等信息
在http{}端添加server_tokens = off；
13、链接复制linux一些64位的库文件防止在安装PHP的时候报错
| 1 2 3 4 5 | cp -frp /usr/lib64/libjpeg .* /usr/lib cp -frp /usr/lib64/libpng * /usr/lib cp -frp /usr/lib64/libldap * /usr/lib ln -s /usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient .so.16.0.0 /usr/lib/libmysqlclient .so ln -s /usr/lib/libmysqlclient .so /usr/lib64/libmysqlclient .so |
14、下载安装PHP
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | wget http: //cn2 .php.net /get/php-5 .5.9. tar .gz /from/this/mirror tar xf php-5.5.9 cd php-5.5.9 . /configure --prefix= /data/install/php --with-mysql --with-mysqli --with-iconv- dir = /usr/local --with-freetype- dir --with-jpeg- dir --with-png- dir --with-zlib --with-libxml- dir = /usr -- enable -xml --disable-rpath -- enable -bcmath -- enable -shmop -- enable -sysvsem -- enable -inline-optimization -- enable -mbregex -- enable -fpm -- enable -mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd -- enable -gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash -- enable -pcntl -- enable -sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl --with-xmlrpc -- enable -zip -- enable -soap --with-config- file -path= /etc --with-config- file -scan- dir = /etc/php .d --with-bz2 make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS= '-liconv' make test make intall |
15、为PHP提供配置文件
| 1 | cp php.ini-production /etc/php .ini |
16、为php-fpm提供Sysv init脚本，并将其添加至服务列表
| 1 2 3 4 | cp sapi /fpm/init .d.php-fpm /etc/rc .d /init .d /php-fpm chmod +x /etc/rc .d /init .d /php-fpm chkconfig --add php-fpm chkconfig php-fpm on |
17、为php-fpm提供配置文件
| 1 | cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm .conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm .conf |
18、编辑php-fpm的配置文件(此处只贴一些我修改过的，具体还有哪些需要修改会在另一篇中补充)
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm .conf 配置fpm的相关选项为你所需要的值，并启用pid文件（如下最后一行）： pm.max_children = 150 pm.start_servers = 8 pm.min_spare_servers = 5 pm.max_spare_servers = 10 pid = /data/install/php/var/run/php-fpm .pid |
19、接下来就可以启动php-fpm了
| 1 | service php-fpm start |
20、使用如下命令来验正（如果此命令输出有中几个php-fpm进程就说明启动成功了）
| 1 | ps -ef | grep php-fpm |
21、下载安装memcache扩展(PHP连接memcached服务器的扩展)
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | cd /data/software/src/ wget http: //pecl .php.net /get/memcache-2 .2.7.tgz tar xf memcache-2.2.6.tgz cd memcache-2.2.6 /data/install/php/bin/phpize . /configure --with-php-config= /data/install/php/bin/php-config make && make install |
22、下载安装xcache扩展
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 | wget http: //xcache .lighttpd.net /pub/Releases/3 .1.0 /xcache-3 .1.0. tar .gz tar xf xcache-3.1.0. tar .gz cd xcache-3.1.0 /data/install/php/bin/phpize . /configure -- enable -xcache --with-php-config= /data/install/php/bin/php-config make && make install |
23、配置PHP文件，添加扩展
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 | vim /etc/php .ini extension_dir = "/data/install/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20121212/" [memcache] extension = "memcache.so" [xcache] extension = "xcache.so" Xcache.size = 128M Xcache.count = 2 Xcache.ttl = 86400 Xcache.gc_interval = 3600 Xcache.var_size = 0 |
24、查看扩展是否加载成功
| 1 2 | /data/install/php/bin/php - v #查看下xcache信息，此处先看下xcache跟zend的，其他的可以在phpinfo中查看； #有关xcache的详细官方配置介绍 http://xcache.lighttpd.net/wiki/XcacheIni |
25、修改下php-fpm的配置文件，适应线上环境(此处只给出我修改的一些项目，具体还能改哪些会在后面的博文中补充)
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 | pid = /data/install/php/var/run/php-fpm .pid error_log = /data/logs/php-fpm-error .log log_level = notice emergency_restart_threshold = 10 emergency_restart_interval = 1m process_control_timeout = 5s daemonize = yes user = nobody group = nobody listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 pm.max_children = 192 pm.start_servers = 20 pm.min_spare_servers = 5 pm.max_spare_servers = 35 |
26、配置fastcgi
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 | vim /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI /1 .1; fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx; fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string; fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method; fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type; fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri; fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri; fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root; fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol; fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr; fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port; fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr; fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port; fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name; |
27、重启php-fpm
| 1 | service php-fpm restart |
28、修改Nginx配置文件，使其适合线上环境
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 | vim /etc/nginx/nginx .conf user nobody; worker_processes 4; error_log /data/logs/error .log crit; worker_cpu_affinity 0001 0010 0100 1000; worker_rlimit_nofile 20480; #可以直接设置为65535 pid /data/logs/nginx .pid; events { use epoll; worker_connections 20480; #可以直接设置成65535，注意尽量跟上面的设置统一 } http { include mime.types; default_type application /octet-stream ; log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"' ; charaset utf-8; server_tokens off; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay on; server_names_hash_bucket_size 128; client_header_buffer_size 4k; large_client_header_buffers 4 4k; client_max_body_size 8m; keepalive_timeout 65; fastcgi_connect_timeout 300; fastcgi_send_timeout 300; fastcgi_read_timeout 600; fastcgi_buffer_size 16k; fastcgi_buffers 16 16k; fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 32k; #open_file_cache max=204800 inactive=20s; #open_file_cache_min_uses 1; #open_file_cache_valid 30s; gzip on; gzip_min_length 1k; gzip_buffers 4 16k; gzip_comp_level 3; gzip_types text /plain application /x-javascript text /css application /xml ; gzip_vary on; server { listen 80; server_name 192.168.239.130; #charset koi8-r; access_log /data/logs/www .access.log main; location / { root /data/web ; # index index.html index.htm; index index.php; } location ~ \.(js|css|jpg|png|gif)$ { root /data/web ; expires 30d; } location ~ \.php$ { root /data/web ; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; #fastcgi_pass_header on; if ( $fastcgi_script_name ~ \..*\/.*php ) { return 403; } fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # location ~ /\.ht { deny all; } } } |
29、重启Nginx(也可以重新reload一下配置文件)
| 1 | service nginx restart |
30、关于这篇博文的一些问题
1、有人可能会问为什么没有安装mysql的步骤呢，这里安装的只是Nginx跟PHP，一般线上很少会 PHP、Nginx、mysql同在一台服务器吧(即使就有一台服务器最好是用虚拟机的方式将不同服务安 装到不同虚拟机做业务分离)，要想解决PHP安装依赖mysql某些文件的话直接yum安装mysql- devel就可以了，节省时间节省空间多好！！！
2、博文中提到的后续文章什么时候能更新？这个不好说 ，我也是菜鸟在摸索中，等我摸索好了自 然会发出来的，哈哈@_@;
3、博文中提到的屏蔽Nginx信息，PHP信息是指什么？两张图便知晓
修改前：
修改后
看图你们就知道我的良苦用心了吧！！！！！